Electric heater



(No Model.)

F. L. PRUYN. ELECTRIC EEATEE.

No. 566,795. Patented Sept. l, 1896.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS LANSING PRUYN, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 566,795, datedSeptember 1, 1896.

Application tiled August l, 1895. Serial No. 557,830. (No model.)

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS LANSING PRUYN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of NewYork, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in ElectricHeaters, (Case No. 1,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to a resistance-coil for electrical heaters, theobject being to provide a cheap and effective construction ofresistance-coils for heaters of that type in which the heat is generatedby the passage of a current of electricity through electricalconductors.

It has been proposed heretofore to construct a heatin g-coil byproviding an insulating-support in the form of a cylinder upon thesurface of which a spirally-coiled conductor is wound in a spiral pathabout the support. In this construction there is a tendency for theconvolutions of the coiled conductor to come into contact, thusshort-circuiting a greater or less number of convolutions, and toprevent this the support must be provided with spiral grooves or ridgesto maintain the convolutions in position, which construction isobjectionable as being expensive; or a layer of insulating material mustbe interposed between the adjacent convolutions, which construction isalso expensive and is further objectionable, as it necessitates theemployment of a perishable insulating material. It is customary toimmerse the resistance-coil thus constructed in a body of oil, and inconsequence the employment of a perishable insulating material isundesirable, the most advantageous construction being that in which thenon-insulated metallic conductors rest directly upon theinsulating-surface of the support, which is made of porcelain 0renameled metal.

In accordance with my invention I provide upon the support a series ofpins of non-conducting material projecting from the surface of thesupport, the coiled conductor being wound about the surface of thesupport around the pin and back again over the support in the oppositedirection to a second pin, around which it is wound, the conductor thenextending to a third pin, and so on. The pins are arranged in twolongitudinal rows, a pin of one row lying between two pins of the otherrow, the pins being so disposed that when the conductors are woundthereon they will overlap in a longitudinal direction, but will notoverlap in a transverse direction. This arrangement enables the bringingof the convolutions of the wire very close together. By this dispositionthe convolutions of the .conductor occupy parallel positions and areeffectively maintained in these parallel positions and there is notendency Jfor the convolutions to come in contact.

I will describe my invention by reference to the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is a view illustrating a resistancecoil embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a view illustratin ga modication thereof. Fig. 3 isa sectional view showing a support of oblong cross-section. Fig. 4L is asimilar view showing a support of circular cross-section.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several lfigures.

Upon one side of the support d, I provide two rows oi pins b Z9 and c c.The coiled conv ductor d encircles the support aand is wound about oneof the pins c, after which it encircles the support in the oppositedirection and winds about one of the pins b, the direction again beingreversed and the coiled conductor encircling the support and Windingabout one of the pins c, the conductor thus alternately winding aboutthe pins of the two series. It will be observed that this disposition ofthe resistance-coil or conductor brings the convolutions of theconductor into parallel planes and the longitudinal tension upon theconductors lies in the plane of the convolution, and consequently thereis no tendency to shift the conductors sidewise, as results when theyare wound in a spiral path, as each convolution then has a tendency toshift sidewise.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a modification, in which additional pins c c andf fare provided, situated between the series of pins c c and D b,respectively, whereby the pins c c and i) i) may be situated vclosertogether and a greater number of convolutions thus provided upon a givenlength of the support. The portions of the conductors which wind IOOabout the pins b t and c o may rest very close together, while pins e eand f f separate the parallel portions, so that there is no tendency forthe saine to come into contact.

I preferably 'form the support with an oblong cross-section, asillustrated in Fig. 3, the heater being thus adapted for locations inwhich but small space is available. Vhere the question of space is notto be considered, the support may beinade cylindrical, as illustrated inFig. 4.

Having described :my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an electric heater, the combination with an insulating-support, ofpins provided thereon and arranged in two longitudinal rows, the pins ofthe two rows alternatin gin longitudinal position-that is, a pin of onerow occupying a position between the positions of two pins of the otherrow-and a coiled conductor passing around a pin oi one of said rows,then encircling the insulatingsupport and passing around a pin of theother row, the coiled conductor being thus passed back and forth aroundthe support and looped volutions may be placed upon the support than ifthe pins were arranged in a single longitudinal row, since the loopsoverlap longitudinally instead of transversely, and in consequence theconvolutions may be brought closer together; substantially as described.

2. In an electric heater, the combination with an insulatingsupport, ofpins l) l) c c provided upon said support on one side, a spirally-coiledconductor encircling' said support and passing around said pins, andauxiliary pins e e f f situated between the convolutions of saidconductors; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 29th day of July,A. D. 1895.

FRANCIS LANSING PRUYN.

'Witnesses W. CLYDE JoNEs, .Toi-IN W. SrNoLAiR.

